Learn C programming - Addition of two numbers

Let us study a simple C program to add two numbers , input from keyboard and print the sum.


#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

void main ( )
{ int a, b, sum;
clrscr( );
printf ("Enter two integer numbers");
scanf ("%d%d,&a,&b);
sum=a+b;
printf("\n The sum of two numbers is %d\n",sum);
getch( );
}

The first two lines with #include are called pre processor directives which loads two function libraries in memory. Because of which we can use functions like clrscr, printf , scanf in our program.

Third line is main function , which is must in any C program. void means the function will not return any value. If we do not write void , we have to add one line return (0) at the end of the program. Because in C every function must return a value.

Fourth line is declaration of variables a,b and 'sum' as integers. In C we must declare type of the variable before we can use it .

Fifth line is clear screen function which clears the previous screen i.e. any previous output on the screen is cleared .

Printf in sixth line displays message on screen to enter two numbers

Scanf in seventh line accepts two numbers from keyboard and assign these to variables a , b

The eighth line adds two variables a and b and assigns it value to variable 'sum'

Ninth line prints the value of sum on screen . The printf statement here uses format specifier %d here , we will study about this later.

The getch in tenth line holds the output screen till we press a key.

From the above program we can say that a general program in C will have

#include lines to include necessary library functions

void main ( )

Declaration and initialization of the variables required in the program

Data input statements

Processing or logic statements generating desired output

Statement to display output.

Please note that the all C keywords in program has to be in lower case because C is case sensitive language and any capital letter for commands/keywords gives error.

TYBcom time table 2010

TYBcom Exam timetable has been revised and exams are starting from April 9, 2010
Please click here for new TYBcom Exam Timetable 2010


TYBcom exam time table for academic year 2009 - 2010 for Mumbai University ( Old X)

Thu, Apr 01, 2010 Account 1 - Financial Accounting
Business Management I - Management and Organization Development


Sat, Apr 03, 2010 Accounts 2 - Auditing and Cost Accounting
Business Management II - Financial Management


Mon, Apr 05, 2010 Accounts 3 - Management Accounting Etc. (Rev.)
Business Management III - Marketing Management

Tue, Apr 06, 2010 Direct and Indirect Taxation


Wed, Apr 07, 2010 Business Economics


Thu, Apr 08, 2010 MPP (Management and Production Planning)


Fri, Apr 09, 2010 Export Marketing


Sat, Apr 10, 2010 Computer Systems and Applications


Mon, Apr 12, 2010 Psychology of Human Behaviour at work


Tue, Apr 13, 2010 Marketing Research


Thu, Apr 15, 2010 International Marketing
Investment Analysis Portfolio Management


Fri, Apr 16, 2010 Rural Marketing


Sat, Apr 17, 2010 Entrepreneurship and M.S.S.I


Mon, Apr 19, 2010 Elements of Operation Research

TYBCom Computer Syllabus - 2009-10

T.Y.B.Com Syllabus for Computer Systems and Applications from 2009 -2010

Unit I Data Communication , Networking and Internet

(a) Data Communications Components, Data representation, Distributed processing, ( Concepts only)

(b) Network Basics and Infrastructure
i. Definition, Types (LAN,MAN,WAN) Advantages,
II. Network Structures - Server Based, Client server, Peer to Peer.
III. Topologies - Star, Bus, Ring.
IV. Network Media, Wired and Wireless
v. Network Hardware: Hubs, Bridges, Switches, Routers
vi. Network Protocols - TCP/IP, OSI Model

(c) Internet
I Definition , Types of connections, Sharing internet connection,
II Services on r:et- WWW, Email- Blogs,
III IP addresses, Domain names, URLs.
IV Searching Directories, Search engines, Boolean search (AND, OR,NOT), Advanced search, Meta Search engines.
V Email-POP/SMTP accounts in Email, Different parts of an Email address. Receiving and sending emails with attachments by scanning attachments for viruses.

Unit II E-Commerce (18 lectures)

a) Definition of E-commerce
b) Features of E-commerce
c) Types of E-commerce (B2C,B2B,C2C,P2P)
d) Business Models in E-Commerce (Advertising, Subscription, Transaction Fee, Sales Revenue, Affiliate Revenue )
e) Major B2C models ( Portal, Etailer, Content Provider, Transaction Broker, Market Creator, Service provider, Community provider.
f) E-Commerce Security: Integrity, Non repudiation, Authenticity, Confidentiality, Privacy Availability.
g) Encryption; Definition, Digital signatures, SSL.
h) Payment Systems: Digital Cash, Online stored value, digital accumulating balance payment, Digital credit accounts, digital checking.
i) How an Online credit card transaction works. SET protocol.
j) Limitations of E-commerce.
k) M-commerce ( Definition and Features)

UNIT III - Database and SQL (18 lectures) (6 practicals)

l) Introduction to Databases, Relational and Non relational database systems.SQL as a Non-procedural Language. Views of data.

2) SQL Basics: statements ( Schema Statements, Data statements, Transaction statements , names (table & column names), data types (Char, Varchar, Text, Mediumtext, Longtext, Smallint, Bigint, Boolean, Decimal, Float, Double, Date, DateTime, TimeStamp, Year, Time,Creating datatabase,Inserting data,Updating data, Deleting data,expressions,built in
functions,missing data (NULL and NOT NULL,DEFAULT values),CREATE,USE,ALTER (Add,Remove,Change columns),RENAME, SHOW,DESCRIBE (CREATE TABLE,COLUMNS,STATUS and DATABASES only) and DROP (TABLE,COLUMN, DATABASES statments), PRIMARY KEY,FOREIGN KEY (One and more columns) , Simple Validity checking using CONSTRAINTS

3)Simple queries: The SELECT statement (From, Where, Group By, Having, Order B, Distinct, Filtering Data by using conditions. Simple and complex conditions using logical, arithmetic and relational operators (=, !=, <;>, <>, AND,OR, NOT, LIKE, BETWEEN )

4) Multi-table queries: Simple joins ( INNER JOIN), SQL considerations for multi table queries (table aliases, qualified column names, all column selections, self joins).

5) Nested Queries (Only upto two levels) : using sub queries, sub query search conditions, sub queries & joins, nested sub queries, correlated sub queries, sub queries in the HAVING clause.

Simple Transaction illustrating START,COMMIT, and ROLLBACK.

UNIT IV Introduction to C Programming (18 lectures) (6 practicals)

1) Introduction :
C character set
Reserved words
Identifiers
C data types
C type modifiers
Constants
Variables
Expressions
Operators (Unary , Binary, Relational, Logical)
C assignment statements
Operator Precedence
Concept of header files (stdio.h, math.h, conio.h only)

2) Simple programming concepts :
Form of a C program, printf() (%d,%f,%c,%s,%lf,%ld), scanf(), gets(), getchar(), puts(), putchar(), getch(), putch(), pow(), sqr(), clrscr(), storage class specifiers , Preprocessor directive #include<>


3) Control Statements:
If else , for, while , do while , switch , break , continue .

4) Arrays :
Concept of one dimensional array (character and integer ) , sorting of numbers , printing array of numbers.


OR

Unit IV Visual Basic (18 Lectures) (6 practicals)

a) Introduction to Visual Basic, Introduction Graphical User Interface (GUI) , Programming Language (procedural, Object Oriented, Event Driven), Writing VB projects, The Visual Basic Environment, Finding and fixing errors [Chapter 1 of 19]

b) Introduction to VB Controls: Textboxes, Frames, Check Boxes, Option Buttons, Images, Setting a Border & Styles, The Shape Control, The line Control, Working with multiple controls and their properties, Designing the User Interface, Keyboard access keys, Default &. Cancel property, tab order, Coding for controls using Text, Caption, Value propelty and SetFocus method [Chapter 2 of 19]

c) Variables, Constants, and Calculations
Variable and Constant, Data Types (Boolean, Byte, String, Integer, Currency, Single, Double, Date), Naming rules/conventions, Constants (Named & intrinsic), Declaring variables, Scope ofvariabies, Val Function; Arithmetic Operations, Formatting Data. [Chapter 3 of 19]

d) Decision and Condition
Condition, Comparing numeric variables and constants, Comparing Strings, Comparing Text property of text box, Compound Conditions (And, Or, Not)
If Statement, If .then-else Statement, Nested If Statements, LCase and UCase function, Using If statements with Option Buttons & Check Boxes
MsgBox (Message Box) statement Input Validation: IsNumeric function.
Planning the project. [Chapter 4 of 19]

e) Menus, Sub-Procedures and Sub-functions, Defining / Creating and Modifying a Menu, Using common dialog box, Creating a new sub-procedure, Passing Variables to Procedures, Passing Argument ByVal or ByRef, Writing a Function Procedure
[Chapter 5 of 19]

f) Lists, Loops and Printing
LisfBoxes and Combo Boxes
Do/ Loops, For/Next loops
Functions: MsgBox with multiple buttons, Strings
Sending information to the printer using Printer.Print, Printer.NewPage, Printer.EndDoc methods. [Chapter 7 of 19]


Unit V Spreadsheet (18 lectures) ( 6 practicals)

a) Creating and Navigating worksheets and adding information to worksheets

i. Types of data, entering different types of data such as texts, numbers, dates,functions.

ii. Quick ways to add data Auto complete, Autocorrect, Auto fill, Auto fit. Undo an Redo.

iii. Moving data, contiguous and non contiguous selections. Selecting with keyboard.
Cut-Copy Paste. Adding and moving columns or rows. Inserting columns and rows.

iv. Find and replace values. Spell check.

v. Formatting Cells, Numbers, dates, times, Font, Colors, borders, fills.

b) Multiple spreadsheets
I. Creating and Using templates
II. Creating and Linking Multiple Spreadsheets.
III. Adding, removing, hiding and renaming worksheets.
IV. Add headers /Footers to a Workbook. Page breaks, previews.
V. Creating formulas, inserting functions, cell references, Absolute, Relative ( within a worksheet, other worksheets and other workbooks), logical operators.
VI. Creating and using named ranges

c) Functions
i. Financial functions: FV ,PV ,PMT,PPMT,IPMT,NPER,RATE,NPV,IRR
ii. Database Functions LOOKUP,VLOOKUP,HLOOKUP
iii Conditional Logic functions.IF,COUNTIF,SUMIF
iv. Mathematical and statistical functions.
ROUND,ROUNDDOWN,ROUNDUP,CEILING ,FLOOR,INT,MAX,MIN,MOD,SQRT,
v. ABS,AVERAGE
vi. String functions LEFT,RIGHT,MID,LEN,UPPER,LOWER,PROPER,TRIM,
vii. Date functions.
TODAY,NOW,DATE,TIME,DAY,MONTH,YEAR, WEEKDAY,DAYS360

d) Data Analysis
i. Sorting, filter with customized condition, subtotal
ii. The Graphical representation of data
iii. Pivot Tables - Building Pivot Tables, Pivot Table regions, Rearranging Pivot Table.